Piling Secondary Subtropical Forest Residue: Long-Term Impacts on Soil, Trees, and Weeds

The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects piling secondary forest residue (after 3 decades) on soil chemical properties, growth, and nutrition Pinus taeda weeds at three locations. After removal piling, areas were cultivated with P. (22 years), followed by eucalyptus (7 returned taeda. At 2 years age, tree height needle-nutrient levels ongoing from influenced outside zone evaluated. Biomass nutrient herbaceous shrub weeds, NDVI indices (via a drone), chemistry also Residue-piled displayed decrease in pH an increase available P K. Although shrub-weed biomass increased 2.5 10 times residue-piling areas, did not compromise pine growth. While had little impact nutritional status values indicated greater plant growth areas. In general, effect important factor associated large variation weed incidence after decades.